Python Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Python Interview Questions and Answers, Cracking an Interview is not as easy as we think without proper preparation for the interview. It requires a lot of preparation and consistency so that it will be very easy to attend an interview, clear it, and land a good job. It’s all fine, but we need proper material and interview questions to prepare and crack a job. We have already seen some interview questions in our earlier post; if you haven’t read those questions, then have a look at them before jumping into these questions and answers.

Hello jobseekers, I hope you are doing well. Let’s see some Python Interview questions and answers which will be helpful for both freshers and experienced candidates. So, let’s continue to our questions. Here are some Python Interview questions and answers

1. What are Python decorators, and how would you use them? 
   

   Ans: Python decorators are tools for modifying the behavior of functions or classes without altering their code. They are implemented as wrappers around functions or methods, allowing us to add functionality before or after the target function runs, effectively enhancing or changing its behavior. A decorator is applied to a function or method by prefixing its definition with the decorator’s name preceded by an @ symbol. For example, “@decorator_name.“. We can use them to log information about function arguments and execution time. We can also use them to check if a user has the necessary permissions to execute a function and to cache the results of expensive function calls.

2. What is PEP 8, and explain why it is important?
   

   Ans: PEP 8, or Python Enhancement Proposal 8, is the official style guide for the Python programming language. It provides conventions for writing readable and consistent Python code. These conventions cover code layout, naming conventions, and programming recommendations to enhance code quality and team productivity.
   PEP 8 ensures consistency by adhering to a common set of guidelines. Developers can write code that others can more easily understand and maintain. It also improves readability by ensuring clear and consistent coding styles, so other team members can easily understand the code.

3. How is exceptional handling done in Python?
   

   Ans: There are 3 main keywords, i.e., try, except, and finally, which are used to catch exceptions and handle the recovering mechanism accordingly. Try is the block of code that is monitored for errors. Except blocks get executed when an error occurs. The final block will execute the code after trying for an error. This block gets executed irrespective of whether an error occurred or not. Finally, blocks are used to do the required cleanup activities of objects and variables.

4. Difference between for loop and while loop in Python?
   

   Ans: The for loop is generally used to iterate through the elements of various collection types such as list, tuple, set, and dictionary. Developers use a “for” loop where they have both the conditions start and the end. Whereas the while loop is the actual looping feature that is used in any other programming language. Programmers use a Python while loop where they just have the end conditions.

5. What are *args and **kwargs?
   

   Ans: To pass a variable number of arguments to a function in Python, use the special syntax *args and **kwargs in the function specification. Both are to send a variable-length argument list. The syntax *args is used to pass a non-keyworded, variable length argument list.

6. Why is indentation required in Python?
   

   Ans: A Python interpreter can be informed that a group of statements belongs to a specific block of code by using Python indentation. Indentations make the code easy to read for developers in all programming languages, but in Python, it is very important to indent the code in a specific order.

7. What is scope?
   

   Ans: The location where we can find a variable and also access it if required is called the scope of a variable. Python Local variable: Local variables are those that are initialized within a function and are unique to that function. It cannot be accessed outside of the function.
   Python Global variables: Global variables are the ones that are defined and declared outside any function and are not specified to any function.
   Module-level scope: It refers to the global objects of the current module accessible in the program.
   Outermost scope: It refers to any built-in names that the program can call. The name referenced is located last among the objects in this scope.

8. What is docstring in Python?
   

   Ans: Python documentation strings (or docstrings) provide a convenient way of associating documentation with Python modules, functions, classes, and methods.
   Declaring Docstrings: The docstrings are declared using ”’triple single quotes”’ or “””triple double quotes””” just below the class, method, or function declaration. All functions should have a docstring.
   Accessing Docstrings: The docstrings can be accessed using the __doc__ method of the object or using the help function.

9. In Python, how do you overload methods or constructors?
   

   Ans: In Python, methods and constructor overloading are supported like they are in languages like Java or C++. However, you can achieve similar functionality using various techniques, like:
   • By using default arguments.
   • By using variable arguments.
   • By using function arguments.

10. How would you remove all leading whitespace in a string?
    

    Ans: To remove all leading whitespace from a string, you can use the lstrip() method in Python. This method returns a new string with all leading spaces (and optionally other specified characters) removed.

11. How would you replace all occurrences of a substring with a new string?
    

    Ans: To replace all occurrences of a substring with a new string in Python, you can use the replace() method. This method returns a new string where all occurrences of the specified substring are replaced with the new string.

12. What is a break, continue, and pass in Python?
    

    Ans: The break statement is used to terminate the loop or statement in which it is present. After that, the control will pass to the statements that are present after the break statement, if available.
    Continue is also a loop control statement, just like the break statement. The continue statement is opposite to that of the break statement; instead of terminating the loop, it forces to execute the next iteration of the loop.
    Pass means performing no operation, or, in other words, it is a placeholder in the compound statement, where there should be a blank left and nothing has to be written there.

13. What are the different file processing modes supported by Python?
    

    Ans: There are four ways to open files in Python. The read-write (rw), write-only (w), append (a), and read-only (r) modes. ‘r’ is used to open a file in read-only mode; ‘w’ is used to open a file in write-only mode; ‘rw’ is used to open in both read-only and write-only modes; and ‘a’ is used to open a file in append mode. In the event that the mode isn’t determined, of course the document opens in read-just mode.
    Read-only (r) mode: Read a file by opening it. It’s the default setting.
    Only write mode (w): Open a document for composing. On the off chance that the record contains information, information would be lost. A brand-new file is also created.
    Read-Write (rw) mode: In write mode, open a file for reading. It implies refreshing mode.
    Addition mode (a): If the file exists, open it for writing and append it to the end.

14. How do you use Print() without the newline?
    

    Ans: To use print() without adding a newline at the end in Python, you can set the end parameter to an empty string (“”). By default, print() adds a newline after printing, but using the end argument modifies this behavior.

15. What are lambda functions in Python?
    

    Ans: Lambda functions in Python, also known as anonymous functions, are small, one-line functions defined without a name using the “lambda” keyword. A “lambda” function can have any number of arguments but only one expression, the result of which is returned by the function. Lambda functions are useful for simple operations that are easily defined in a single expression. These are often used in situations where a function is needed temporarily for a short period, like as an argument to higher-order functions like “map(),” “filter(),” and sorted(). 

So, dear learners, I hope these interview questions will definitely help you to learn, practice, crack an interview, and also land a job. Let’s see more interview questions that can be asked for intermediate and advanced levels in interviews. all the best for your preparation. if you have any queries, ping us on instagram or let us know in the comments section.

All the best for your preparation.